When roasting coffee, there are usually four main categories in which the roast falls. It may be dark, light, medium dark, or medium. The taste of the bean is also usually determined by the region where it originates from, like Java, Hawaiian Kona, Kenya, and the Blue Mountains of Jamaica. Unroasted coffee is usually green, and in order to roast it you need to make sure that you use a roasting machine. The most common types of roasting machines are hot air, and drum ones.
When the beans take in the heat, their colour changes from yellow to shades of brown; when further roasting takes place, oil comes out to the surface and the beans lose water and become larger. Then when more heating is carried out, the beans take on a darker colour. This is when the roasters check the temperature, and the smell and colour of the roast.
The roaster will usually listen to the cracking sounds of beans, and when they hear the first roast, they usually know that the light roast has been done. Second cracks will usually tell that the medium roast has been done and it is this that often tells the difference between light and dark roasts.
Light roasts usually have more of their original flavour than dark roasts since they have more acidity, and they do not have a roasted taste. Medium toasts on the other hand, are sweeter, and have a smoother taste. Full coffee roasts are usually spicier and have heavier bodies, and the taste and aroma are clearer. Double roasts contain a light body flavour, and intense taste, they are also smoky sweet. At times, the roasting is so intense that it can be a bit hard to tell the origin of the beans at all.
However, it is important to remember that when coffee beans are roasted, they tend to lose their flavours rather fast. Therefore, it is quite important that roasted coffee beans are stored in the right manner. In fact, if possible, the ground coffee needs to be stored in a cool, dark place that is free of any moisture at all. This is because light creates a chemical reaction that often makes the ground to go bad, and acquire a bitter taste. So, coffee should not be put in a fridge, and neither should it be exposed to any moisture. The storage area should also be dark, and the pantry, or a closed cabinet are usually the preferred areas to store the coffee.
Additionally, when going for coffee, it is important that you do not buy large quantities of it for home use. The reason for this is that once coffee is opened, it starts to lose its quality and freshness. Therefore, the longer the coffee is opened up, the more freshness is lost. So, if you are going to buy coffee, you need to make sure that you go for packages that are small, and will last for a short while. This is so that you can enjoy a fresh cup every time.
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